There are many Kampo (traditional Japanese) medicines used to treat constipation. Although these formulations are selected based on the patient’s “Sho” (individual diagnostic pattern) according to Kampo theory, the differences from Western medicine and the precise mechanisms by which specific herbal components exert their effects remain incompletely understood. Dr. Kon has been conducting research on aquaporins and the intestinal tract, exploring the mechanisms of action of various Kampo medicines used for constipation.